Android
SyncAdapter समय-समय पर डेटा का सिंक करता है

परिचय

सर्वर से हर मिनट अनुरोध मूल्य के साथ सिंक अनुकूलक।

<provider
        android:name=".DummyContentProvider"
        android:authorities="sample.map.com.ipsyncadapter"
        android:exported="false" />

    <!-- This service implements our SyncAdapter. It needs to be exported, so that the system
    sync framework can access it. -->
    <service android:name=".SyncService"
        android:exported="true">
        <!-- This intent filter is required. It allows the system to launch our sync service
        as needed. -->
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.content.SyncAdapter" />
        </intent-filter>
        <!-- This points to a required XML file which describes our SyncAdapter. -->
        <meta-data android:name="android.content.SyncAdapter"
            android:resource="@xml/syncadapter" />
    </service>

    <!-- This implements the account we'll use as an attachment point for our SyncAdapter. Since
    our SyncAdapter doesn't need to authenticate the current user (it just fetches a public RSS
    feed), this account's implementation is largely empty.

    It's also possible to attach a SyncAdapter to an existing account provided by another
    package. In that case, this element could be omitted here. -->
    <service android:name=".AuthenticatorService"
        >
        <!-- Required filter used by the system to launch our account service. -->
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.accounts.AccountAuthenticator" />
        </intent-filter>
        <!-- This points to an XMLf ile which describes our account service. -->
        <meta-data android:name="android.accounts.AccountAuthenticator"
            android:resource="@xml/authenticator" />
    </service>

इस कोड को मैनिफ़ेस्ट फ़ाइल में जोड़ना होगा

उपरोक्त कोड में हमारे पास syncservice और conteprovider और प्रमाणक सेवा है।

एप्लिकेशन में हमें सिंकैडस्क्रिप्ट और ऑथेंटिकेटर xml फ़ाइलों को जोड़ने के लिए xml पैकेज बनाने की आवश्यकता है। authenticator.xml

<account-authenticator xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:accountType="@string/R.String.accountType"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:smallIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    />

SyncAdapter

<sync-adapter xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:contentAuthority="@string/R.String.contentAuthority"
    android:accountType="@string/R.String.accountType"
    android:userVisible="true"
    android:allowParallelSyncs="true"
    android:isAlwaysSyncable="true"
    android:supportsUploading="false"/>

प्रमाणक

import android.accounts.AbstractAccountAuthenticator;
import android.accounts.Account;
import android.accounts.AccountAuthenticatorResponse;
import android.accounts.NetworkErrorException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class Authenticator extends AbstractAccountAuthenticator {
    private Context mContext;
    public Authenticator(Context context) {
        super(context);
         this.mContext=context;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle editProperties(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, String s) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle addAccount(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, String s, String s1, String[] strings, Bundle bundle) throws NetworkErrorException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle confirmCredentials(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, Account account, Bundle bundle) throws NetworkErrorException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle getAuthToken(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, Account account, String s, Bundle bundle) throws NetworkErrorException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getAuthTokenLabel(String s) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle updateCredentials(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, Account account, String s, Bundle bundle) throws NetworkErrorException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Bundle hasFeatures(AccountAuthenticatorResponse accountAuthenticatorResponse, Account account, String[] strings) throws NetworkErrorException {
        return null;
    }
}

AuthenticatorService

public class AuthenticatorService extends Service {

    private Authenticator authenticator;

    public AuthenticatorService() {
        super();
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        IBinder ret = null;
        if (intent.getAction().equals(AccountManager.ACTION_AUTHENTICATOR_INTENT)) ;
        ret = getAuthenticator().getIBinder();
        return ret;
    }

    public Authenticator getAuthenticator() {
        if (authenticator == null)
            authenticator = new Authenticator(this);
        return authenticator;
    }
}

IpDataDBHelper

 public class IpDataDBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    private static final int DATABASE_VERSION=1;
    private static final String DATABASE_NAME="ip.db";
    public static final String TABLE_IP_DATA="ip";

    public static final String COLUMN_ID="_id";
    public static final String COLUMN_IP="ip";
    public static final String COLUMN_COUNTRY_CODE="country_code";
    public static final String COLUMN_COUNTRY_NAME="country_name";
    public static final String COLUMN_CITY="city";
    public static final String COLUMN_LATITUDE="latitude";
    public static final String COLUMN_LONGITUDE="longitude";

    public IpDataDBHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {
        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, factory, DATABASE_VERSION);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) {
        String CREATE_TABLE="CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_IP_DATA + "( " + COLUMN_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY ,"
                + COLUMN_IP + " INTEGER ," + COLUMN_COUNTRY_CODE + " INTEGER ," + COLUMN_COUNTRY_NAME +
                " TEXT ," + COLUMN_CITY + " TEXT ," + COLUMN_LATITUDE + " INTEGER ," + COLUMN_LONGITUDE + " INTEGER)";
        sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE);
        Log.d("SQL",CREATE_TABLE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) {
        sqLiteDatabase.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_IP_DATA);
        onCreate(sqLiteDatabase);
    }

    public long AddIPData(ContentValues values)
    {
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase =getWritableDatabase();
        long insertedRow=sqLiteDatabase.insert(TABLE_IP_DATA,null,values);
        return insertedRow;
    }

    public Cursor getAllIpData()
    {
        String[] projection={COLUMN_ID,COLUMN_IP,COLUMN_COUNTRY_CODE,COLUMN_COUNTRY_NAME,COLUMN_CITY,COLUMN_LATITUDE,COLUMN_LONGITUDE};
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase =getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = sqLiteDatabase.query(TABLE_IP_DATA,projection,null,null,null,null,null);
        return cursor;
    }

    public int deleteAllIpData()
    {
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase=getWritableDatabase();
        int rowDeleted=sqLiteDatabase.delete(TABLE_IP_DATA,null,null);
        return rowDeleted;
    }
}

मुख्य गतिविधि

     public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private static final String ACCOUNT_TYPE="sample.map.com.ipsyncadapter";
        private static final String AUTHORITY="sample.map.com.ipsyncadapter";
        private static final String ACCOUNT_NAME="Sync";
    
        public TextView mIp,mCountryCod,mCountryName,mCity,mLatitude,mLongitude;
        CursorAdapter cursorAdapter;
        Account mAccount;
        private String TAG=this.getClass().getCanonicalName();
        ListView mListView;
        public SharedPreferences mSharedPreferences;
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);
            mIp=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_ip);
            mCountryCod=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_country_code);
            mCountryName=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_country_name);
            mCity=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_city);
            mLatitude=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_latitude);
            mLongitude=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_longitude);
            mSharedPreferences=getSharedPreferences("MyIp",0);
            
//Using shared preference iam displaying values in text view. 
            String txtIp=mSharedPreferences.getString("ipAdr","");
            String txtCC=mSharedPreferences.getString("CCode","");
            String txtCN=mSharedPreferences.getString("CName","");
            String txtC=mSharedPreferences.getString("City","");
            String txtLP=mSharedPreferences.getString("Latitude","");
            String txtLN=mSharedPreferences.getString("Longitude","");
    
            mIp.setText(txtIp);
            mCountryCod.setText(txtCC);
            mCountryName.setText(txtCN);
            mCity.setText(txtC);
            mLatitude.setText(txtLP);
            mLongitude.setText(txtLN);
    
            mAccount=createSyncAccount(this);
//In this code i am using content provider to save data.
           /* Cursor cursor=getContentResolver().query(MyIPContentProvider.CONTENT_URI,null,null,null,null);
            cursorAdapter=new SimpleCursorAdapter(this,R.layout.list_item,cursor,new String []{"ip","country_code","country_name","city","latitude","longitude"},
                                                                new int[] {R.id.txt_ip,R.id.txt_country_code,R.id.txt_country_name,R.id.txt_city,R.id.txt_latitude,R.id.txt_longitude},0);
    
            mListView.setAdapter(cursorAdapter);
            getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(MyIPContentProvider.CONTENT_URI,true,new StockContentObserver(new Handler()));
    */
            Bundle settingBundle=new Bundle();
            settingBundle.putBoolean(ContentResolver.SYNC_EXTRAS_MANUAL,true);
            settingBundle.putBoolean(ContentResolver.SYNC_EXTRAS_EXPEDITED,true);
            ContentResolver.requestSync(mAccount,AUTHORITY,settingBundle);
            ContentResolver.setSyncAutomatically(mAccount,AUTHORITY,true);
            ContentResolver.addPeriodicSync(mAccount,AUTHORITY,Bundle.EMPTY,60);
        }
    
        private Account createSyncAccount(MainActivity mainActivity) {
            Account account=new Account(ACCOUNT_NAME,ACCOUNT_TYPE);
            AccountManager accountManager=(AccountManager)mainActivity.getSystemService(ACCOUNT_SERVICE);
            if(accountManager.addAccountExplicitly(account,null,null))
            {
    
            }else
            {
    
            }
            return account;
        }
    
    
        private class StockContentObserver extends ContentObserver {
            @Override
            public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
                Log.d(TAG, "CHANGE OBSERVED AT URI: " + uri);
                cursorAdapter.swapCursor(getContentResolver().query(MyIPContentProvider.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null));
            }
    
            public StockContentObserver(Handler handler) {
                super(handler);
    
            }
        }
        @Override
        protected void onResume() {
            super.onResume();
            registerReceiver(syncStaredReceiver, new IntentFilter(SyncAdapter.SYNC_STARTED));
            registerReceiver(syncFinishedReceiver, new IntentFilter(SyncAdapter.SYNC_FINISHED));
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onPause() {
            super.onPause();
            unregisterReceiver(syncStaredReceiver);
            unregisterReceiver(syncFinishedReceiver);
        }
        private BroadcastReceiver syncFinishedReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                Log.d(TAG, "Sync finished!");
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Sync Finished", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        };
        private BroadcastReceiver syncStaredReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                Log.d(TAG, "Sync started!");
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Sync started...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        };
    }

MyIPContentProvider

public class MyIPContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

public static final int IP_DATA=1;
private static final String AUTHORITY="sample.map.com.ipsyncadapter";
private static final String TABLE_IP_DATA="ip_data";
public static final Uri CONTENT_URI=Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + '/' + TABLE_IP_DATA);
private static final UriMatcher URI_MATCHER= new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);

static
{
    URI_MATCHER.addURI(AUTHORITY,TABLE_IP_DATA,IP_DATA);
}

private IpDataDBHelper myDB;

@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
    myDB=new IpDataDBHelper(getContext(),null,null,1);
    return false;
}

@Nullable
@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] strings, String s, String[] strings1, String s1) {
    int uriType=URI_MATCHER.match(uri);
    Cursor cursor=null;
    switch (uriType)
    {
        case IP_DATA:
            cursor=myDB.getAllIpData();
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("UNKNOWN URL");
    }
    cursor.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
    return cursor;
}

@Nullable
@Override
public String getType(Uri uri) {
    return null;
}

@Nullable
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues contentValues) {
    int uriType=URI_MATCHER.match(uri);
    long id=0;
    switch (uriType)
    {
        case IP_DATA:
            id=myDB.AddIPData(contentValues);
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("UNKNOWN URI :" +uri);
    }
    getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri,null);
    return Uri.parse(contentValues + "/" + id);
}

@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String s, String[] strings) {
    int uriType=URI_MATCHER.match(uri);
    int rowsDeleted=0;

    switch (uriType)
    {
        case IP_DATA:
            rowsDeleted=myDB.deleteAllIpData();
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("UNKNOWN URI :" +uri);
    }
    getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri,null);
    return rowsDeleted;
}

@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues contentValues, String s, String[] strings) {
    return 0;
}

}

SyncAdapter

public class SyncAdapter extends AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter {
ContentResolver mContentResolver;
Context mContext;
public static final String SYNC_STARTED="Sync Started";
public static final String SYNC_FINISHED="Sync Finished";
private static final String TAG=SyncAdapter.class.getCanonicalName();
public SharedPreferences mSharedPreferences;

public SyncAdapter(Context context, boolean autoInitialize) {
    super(context, autoInitialize);
    this.mContext=context;
    mContentResolver=context.getContentResolver();
    Log.i("SyncAdapter","SyncAdapter");
}

@Override
public void onPerformSync(Account account, Bundle bundle, String s, ContentProviderClient contentProviderClient, SyncResult syncResult) {

    Intent intent = new Intent(SYNC_STARTED);
    mContext.sendBroadcast(intent);

    Log.i(TAG, "onPerformSync");

    intent = new Intent(SYNC_FINISHED);
    mContext.sendBroadcast(intent);
    mSharedPreferences =mContext.getSharedPreferences("MyIp",0);
    SharedPreferences.Editor editor=mSharedPreferences.edit();

    mContentResolver.delete(MyIPContentProvider.CONTENT_URI,null,null);

    String data="";

    try {
        URL url =new URL("https://freegeoip.net/json/");
        Log.d(TAG, "URL :"+url);
        HttpURLConnection connection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        Log.d(TAG,"Connection :"+connection);
        connection.connect();
        Log.d(TAG,"Connection 1:"+connection);
        InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
        data=getInputData(inputStream);
        Log.d(TAG,"Data :"+data);

        if (data != null || !data.equals("null")) {
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(data);


            String ipa = jsonObject.getString("ip");
            String country_code = jsonObject.getString("country_code");
            String country_name = jsonObject.getString("country_name");
            String region_code=jsonObject.getString("region_code");
            String region_name=jsonObject.getString("region_name");
            String zip_code=jsonObject.getString("zip_code");
            String time_zone=jsonObject.getString("time_zone");
            String metro_code=jsonObject.getString("metro_code");

            String city = jsonObject.getString("city");
            String latitude = jsonObject.getString("latitude");
            String longitude = jsonObject.getString("longitude");
           /* ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
            values.put("ip", ipa);
            values.put("country_code", country_code);
            values.put("country_name", country_name);
            values.put("city", city);
            values.put("latitude", latitude);
            values.put("longitude", longitude);*/
            //Using cursor adapter for results.
            //mContentResolver.insert(MyIPContentProvider.CONTENT_URI, values);

            //Using Shared preference for results.
            editor.putString("ipAdr",ipa);
            editor.putString("CCode",country_code);
            editor.putString("CName",country_name);
            editor.putString("City",city);
            editor.putString("Latitude",latitude);
            editor.putString("Longitude",longitude);
            editor.commit();

        }
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

}

private String getInputData(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
    StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
    BufferedReader bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
    //String data=null;
    /*Log.d(TAG,"Builder 2:"+ bufferedReader.readLine());
    while ((data=bufferedReader.readLine())!= null);
    {
        builder.append(data);
        Log.d(TAG,"Builder :"+data);
    }
    Log.d(TAG,"Builder 1 :"+data);
    bufferedReader.close();*/
    String data=bufferedReader.readLine();
    bufferedReader.close();
    return data.toString();
}

}

SyncService

public class SyncService extends Service {
private static SyncAdapter syncAdapter=null;
private static final Object syncAdapterLock=new Object();

@Override
public void onCreate() {
    synchronized (syncAdapterLock)
    {
        if(syncAdapter==null)
        {
            syncAdapter =new SyncAdapter(getApplicationContext(),true);
        }
    }
}

@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    return syncAdapter.getSyncAdapterBinder();
}

}