unity3d
nätverk

Anmärkningar

Skapa en server, en klient och skicka ett meddelande.

Unity Networking tillhandahåller High Level API (HLA) för att hantera nätverkskommunikationsabstraktion från implementationer på låg nivå.

I det här exemplet ser vi hur man skapar en server som kan kommunicera med en eller flera klienter.

Med HLA kan vi enkelt serialisera en klass och skicka objekt från den här klassen över nätverket.

Klassen som vi använder för att serialisera

Denna klass måste gå i arv från MessageBase, i det här exemplet skickar vi bara en sträng inuti denna klass.

using System;
using UnityEngine.Networking;

public class MyNetworkMessage : MessageBase
{
    public string message;
}

Skapa en server

Vi skapar en server som lyssnar på port 9999, tillåter högst 10 anslutningar och läser objekt från nätverket i vår anpassade klass.

HLA kopplar olika typer av meddelanden till en id. Det finns standardmeddelandetyp som definieras i MsgType-klassen från Unity Networking. Exempelvis har anslutningstypen id 32 och den kallas på servern när en klient ansluter till den, eller i klienten när den ansluter till en server. Du kan registrera hanterare för att hantera olika typer av meddelanden.

När du skickar en anpassad klass, som vårt fall, definierar vi en hanterare med en ny id som är kopplad till klassen vi skickar över nätverket.

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.Networking;

public class Server : MonoBehaviour {

    int port = 9999;
    int maxConnections = 10;

    // The id we use to identify our messages and register the handler
    short messageID = 1000;

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start () {
        // Usually the server doesn't need to draw anything on the screen
        Application.runInBackground = true;
        CreateServer();
    }    

    void CreateServer() {
        // Register handlers for the types of messages we can receive
        RegisterHandlers ();

        var config = new ConnectionConfig ();
        // There are different types of channels you can use, check the official documentation
        config.AddChannel (QosType.ReliableFragmented);
        config.AddChannel (QosType.UnreliableFragmented);

        var ht = new HostTopology (config, maxConnections);

        if (!NetworkServer.Configure (ht)) {
            Debug.Log ("No server created, error on the configuration definition");
            return;
        } else {
            // Start listening on the defined port
            if(NetworkServer.Listen (port))
                Debug.Log ("Server created, listening on port: " + port);   
            else
                Debug.Log ("No server created, could not listen to the port: " + port);    
        }
    }

    void OnApplicationQuit() {
        NetworkServer.Shutdown ();
    }

    private void RegisterHandlers () {
        // Unity have different Messages types defined in MsgType
        NetworkServer.RegisterHandler (MsgType.Connect, OnClientConnected);
        NetworkServer.RegisterHandler (MsgType.Disconnect, OnClientDisconnected);

        // Our message use his own message type.
        NetworkServer.RegisterHandler (messageID, OnMessageReceived);
    }

    private void RegisterHandler(short t, NetworkMessageDelegate handler) {
        NetworkServer.RegisterHandler (t, handler);
    }

    void OnClientConnected(NetworkMessage netMessage)
    {
        // Do stuff when a client connects to this server

        // Send a thank you message to the client that just connected
        MyNetworkMessage messageContainer = new MyNetworkMessage();
        messageContainer.message = "Thanks for joining!";

        // This sends a message to a specific client, using the connectionId
        NetworkServer.SendToClient(netMessage.conn.connectionId,messageID,messageContainer);

        // Send a message to all the clients connected
        messageContainer = new MyNetworkMessage();
        messageContainer.message = "A new player has conencted to the server";

        // Broadcast a message a to everyone connected
        NetworkServer.SendToAll(messageID,messageContainer);
    }

    void OnClientDisconnected(NetworkMessage netMessage)
    {
        // Do stuff when a client dissconnects
    }

    void OnMessageReceived(NetworkMessage netMessage)
    {
        // You can send any object that inherence from MessageBase
        // The client and server can be on different projects, as long as the MyNetworkMessage or the class you are using have the same implementation on both projects
        // The first thing we do is deserialize the message to our custom type
        var objectMessage = netMessage.ReadMessage<MyNetworkMessage>();
        Debug.Log("Message received: " + objectMessage.message);

    }
}

Klienten

Nu skapar vi en klient

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Networking;


public class Client : MonoBehaviour
{
    int port = 9999;
    string ip = "localhost";

    // The id we use to identify our messages and register the handler
    short messageID = 1000;

    // The network client
    NetworkClient client;

    public Client ()
    {
        CreateClient();
    }

    void CreateClient()
    {
        var config = new ConnectionConfig ();

        // Config the Channels we will use
        config.AddChannel (QosType.ReliableFragmented);
        config.AddChannel (QosType.UnreliableFragmented);

        // Create the client ant attach the configuration
        client = new NetworkClient ();
        client.Configure (config,1);

        // Register the handlers for the different network messages
        RegisterHandlers();

        // Connect to the server
        client.Connect (ip, port);
    }

    // Register the handlers for the different message types
    void RegisterHandlers () {
    
        // Unity have different Messages types defined in MsgType
        client.RegisterHandler (messageID, OnMessageReceived);
        client.RegisterHandler(MsgType.Connect, OnConnected);
        client.RegisterHandler(MsgType.Disconnect, OnDisconnected);
    }

    void OnConnected(NetworkMessage message) {        
        // Do stuff when connected to the server

        MyNetworkMessage messageContainer = new MyNetworkMessage();
        messageContainer.message = "Hello server!";

        // Say hi to the server when connected
        client.Send(messageID,messageContainer);
    }

    void OnDisconnected(NetworkMessage message) {
        // Do stuff when disconnected to the server
    }

    // Message received from the server
    void OnMessageReceived(NetworkMessage netMessage)
    {
        // You can send any object that inherence from MessageBase
        // The client and server can be on different projects, as long as the MyNetworkMessage or the class you are using have the same implementation on both projects
        // The first thing we do is deserialize the message to our custom type
        var objectMessage = netMessage.ReadMessage<MyNetworkMessage>();

        Debug.Log("Message received: " + objectMessage.message);
    }
}