C# Language
BackgroundWorker

Синтаксис

• bgWorker.CancellationPending //returns whether the bgWorker was cancelled during its operation

• bgWorker.IsBusy //returns true if the bgWorker is in the middle of an operation

• bgWorker.ReportProgress(int x) //Reports a change in progress. Raises the "ProgressChanged" event

• bgWorker.RunWorkerAsync() //Starts the BackgroundWorker by raising the "DoWork" event

• bgWorker.CancelAsync() //instructs the BackgroundWorker to stop after the completion of a task.

замечания

Назначение обработчиков событий BackgroundWorker

Как только экземпляр BackgroundWorker был объявлен, ему должны быть предоставлены свойства и обработчики событий для выполняемых задач.

    /* This is the backgroundworker's "DoWork" event handler. This 
       method is what will contain all the work you 
       wish to have your program perform without blocking the UI. */

    bgWorker.DoWork += bgWorker_DoWork;


    /*This is how the DoWork event method signature looks like:*/
    private void bgWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
    {
        // Work to be done here   
        // ...
        // To get a reference to the current Backgroundworker:
        BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
        // The reference to the BackgroundWorker is often used to report progress
        worker.ReportProgress(...);
    }

    /*This is the method that will be run once the BackgroundWorker has completed its tasks */

    bgWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += bgWorker_CompletedWork;

    /*This is how the RunWorkerCompletedEvent event method signature looks like:*/
    private void bgWorker_CompletedWork(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Things to be done after the backgroundworker has finished
    }

   /* When you wish to have something occur when a change in progress 
     occurs, (like the completion of a specific task) the "ProgressChanged" 
     event handler is used. Note that ProgressChanged events may be invoked
     by calls to bgWorker.ReportProgress(...) only if bgWorker.WorkerReportsProgress
     is set to true.  */

     bgWorker.ProgressChanged += bgWorker_ProgressChanged;

    /*This is how the ProgressChanged event method signature looks like:*/
    private void bgWorker_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Things to be done when a progress change has been reported

        /* The ProgressChangedEventArgs gives access to a percentage,
         allowing for easy reporting of how far along a process is*/
        int progress = e.ProgressPercentage;
    }

Назначение свойств BackgroundWorker

Это позволяет отменить BackgroundWorker между задачами

bgWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;

Это позволяет работнику сообщать о прогрессе между выполнением задач ...

bgWorker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;

//this must also be used in conjunction with the ProgressChanged event

Создание нового экземпляра BackgroundWorker

BackgroundWorker обычно используется для выполнения задач, иногда отнимающих много времени, без блокировки потока пользовательского интерфейса.

// BackgroundWorker is part of the ComponentModel namespace.
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace BGWorkerExample 
{
     public partial class ExampleForm : Form 
     {

      // the following creates an instance of the BackgroundWorker named "bgWorker"
      BackgroundWorker bgWorker = new BackgroundWorker();

      public ExampleForm() { ...

Использование BackgroundWorker для выполнения задачи.

Следующий пример демонстрирует использование BackgroundWorker для обновления WinForms ProgressBar. BackgroundWorker обновит значение индикатора выполнения без блокировки потока пользовательского интерфейса, тем самым показывая реактивный интерфейс, когда работа выполняется в фоновом режиме.

namespace BgWorkerExample
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
{

    //a new instance of a backgroundWorker is created.
    BackgroundWorker bgWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
    
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        prgProgressBar.Step = 1;

        //this assigns event handlers for the backgroundWorker
        bgWorker.DoWork += bgWorker_DoWork;
        bgWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += bgWorker_WorkComplete;

        //tell the backgroundWorker to raise the "DoWork" event, thus starting it.
        //Check to make sure the background worker is not already running.
        if(!bgWorker.IsBusy)
            bgWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
        
    }

    private void bgWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
    {
        //this is the method that the backgroundworker will perform on in the background thread.
        /* One thing to note! A try catch is not necessary as any exceptions will terminate the backgroundWorker and report 
          the error to the "RunWorkerCompleted" event */
        CountToY();    
    }

    private void bgWorker_WorkComplete(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
    {
        //e.Error will contain any exceptions caught by the backgroundWorker
        if (e.Error != null)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(e.Error.Message);
        }
        else
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Task Complete!");
            prgProgressBar.Value = 0;
        }
    }

    // example method to perform a "long" running task.
    private void CountToY()
    {
        int x = 0;

        int maxProgress = 100;
        prgProgressBar.Maximum = maxProgress;
        

        while (x < maxProgress)
        {
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
            Invoke(new Action(() => { prgProgressBar.PerformStep(); }));
            x += 1;
        }
    }


}

Результатом является следующее ...