C# Language
ILGenerator

Создает DynamicAssembly, который содержит вспомогательный метод UnixTimestamp

В этом примере показано использование ILGenerator путем генерации кода, который использует уже существующие и новые созданные члены, а также базовую обработку исключений. Следующий код испускает DynamicAssembly, который содержит эквивалент этого кода c #:

public static class UnixTimeHelper
{
    private readonly static DateTime EpochTime = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1);

    public static int UnixTimestamp(DateTime input)
    {
        int totalSeconds;
        try
        {
            totalSeconds = checked((int)input.Subtract(UnixTimeHelper.EpochTime).TotalSeconds);
        }
        catch (OverflowException overflowException)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException("It's to late for an Int32 timestamp.", overflowException);
        }
        return totalSeconds;
    }
}

//Get the required methods
var dateTimeCtor = typeof (DateTime)
    .GetConstructor(new[] {typeof (int), typeof (int), typeof (int)});
var dateTimeSubstract = typeof (DateTime)
    .GetMethod(nameof(DateTime.Subtract), new[] {typeof (DateTime)});
var timeSpanSecondsGetter = typeof (TimeSpan)
    .GetProperty(nameof(TimeSpan.TotalSeconds)).GetGetMethod();
var invalidOperationCtor = typeof (InvalidOperationException)
    .GetConstructor(new[] {typeof (string), typeof (Exception)});

if (dateTimeCtor == null || dateTimeSubstract == null ||
    timeSpanSecondsGetter == null || invalidOperationCtor == null)
{
    throw new Exception("Could not find a required Method, can not create Assembly.");
}

//Setup the required members
var an = new AssemblyName("UnixTimeAsm");
var dynAsm = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);
var dynMod = dynAsm.DefineDynamicModule(an.Name, an.Name + ".dll");

var dynType = dynMod.DefineType("UnixTimeHelper",
    TypeAttributes.Abstract | TypeAttributes.Sealed | TypeAttributes.Public);

var epochTimeField = dynType.DefineField("EpochStartTime", typeof (DateTime),
    FieldAttributes.Private | FieldAttributes.Static | FieldAttributes.InitOnly);

var cctor =
    dynType.DefineConstructor(
        MethodAttributes.Private | MethodAttributes.HideBySig | MethodAttributes.SpecialName |
        MethodAttributes.RTSpecialName | MethodAttributes.Static, CallingConventions.Standard,
        Type.EmptyTypes);

var cctorGen = cctor.GetILGenerator();
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4, 1970); //Load the DateTime constructor arguments onto the stack
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, dateTimeCtor); //Call the constructor
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Stsfld, epochTimeField); //Store the object in the static field   
cctorGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

var unixTimestampMethod = dynType.DefineMethod("UnixTimestamp",
    MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.HideBySig | MethodAttributes.Static,
    CallingConventions.Standard, typeof (int), new[] {typeof (DateTime)});

unixTimestampMethod.DefineParameter(1, ParameterAttributes.None, "input");

var methodGen = unixTimestampMethod.GetILGenerator();
methodGen.DeclareLocal(typeof (TimeSpan));
methodGen.DeclareLocal(typeof (int));
methodGen.DeclareLocal(typeof (OverflowException));

methodGen.BeginExceptionBlock(); //Begin the try block
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) 0); //To call a method on a struct we need to load the address of it
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldsfld, epochTimeField);
    //Load the object of the static field we created as argument for the following call
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, dateTimeSubstract); //Call the substract method on the input DateTime
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0); //Store the resulting TimeSpan in a local
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloca_S, (byte) 0); //Load the locals address to call a method on it
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, timeSpanSecondsGetter); //Call the TotalSeconds Get method on the TimeSpan
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I4); //Convert the result to Int32; throws an exception on overflow
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_1); //store the result for returning later
//The leave instruction to jump behind the catch block will be automatically emitted
methodGen.BeginCatchBlock(typeof (OverflowException)); //Begin the catch block
//When we are here, an OverflowException was thrown, that is now on the stack
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_2); //Store the exception in a local.
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "It's to late for an Int32 timestamp.");
    //Load our error message onto the stack
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_2); //Load the exception again
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, invalidOperationCtor);
    //Create an InvalidOperationException with our message and inner Exception
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Throw); //Throw the created exception
methodGen.EndExceptionBlock(); //End the catch block
//When we are here, everything is fine
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_1); //Load the result value
methodGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); //Return it

dynType.CreateType();

dynAsm.Save(an.Name + ".dll");

Создать метод переопределения

В этом примере показано, как переопределить метод ToString в сгенерированном классе

// create an Assembly and new type
var name = new AssemblyName("MethodOverriding");
var dynAsm = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(name, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);
var dynModule = dynAsm.DefineDynamicModule(name.Name, $"{name.Name}.dll");
var typeBuilder = dynModule.DefineType("MyClass", TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class);

// define a new method
var toStr = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(
    "ToString", // name
    MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual, // modifiers
    typeof(string), // return type
    Type.EmptyTypes); // argument types
var ilGen = toStr.GetILGenerator();
ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "Hello, world!");
ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

// set this method as override of object.ToString
typeBuilder.DefineMethodOverride(toStr, typeof(object).GetMethod("ToString"));
var type = typeBuilder.CreateType();

// now test it:
var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
Console.WriteLine(instance.ToString());