Android
카메라 2 API

매개 변수

비고

TextureView에서 주 카메라 미리보기

이 경우 API 23을 기반으로 구축되므로 권한도 처리됩니다.

매니페스트에 다음 사용 권한을 추가해야합니다 (사용중인 API 수준).

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>

우리는 장치의 카메라 미리보기로 TextureView 를 채우는 활동 (Camera2Activity.java)을 만들려고합니다.

우리가 사용할 액티비티는 일반적인 AppCompatActivity입니다.

public class Camera2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

속성 (일부 내용을 이해하려면 전체 예제를 읽어야 할 수도 있음)

Camera2 API로 보장되는 MAX_PREVIEW_SIZE 는 1920x1080입니다.

private static final int MAX_PREVIEW_WIDTH = 1920;
private static final int MAX_PREVIEW_HEIGHT = 1080;

TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener A의 여러 라이프 사이클 이벤트 처리 TextureView . 이 경우 우리는 그 사건을 경청하고 있습니다. SurfaceTexture가 준비되면 카메라를 초기화합니다. 크기가 변경되면 그에 따라 카메라에서 미리보기가 설정됩니다.

private final TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener mSurfaceTextureListener
        = new TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener() {

    @Override
    public void onSurfaceTextureAvailable(SurfaceTexture texture, int width, int height) {
        openCamera(width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public void onSurfaceTextureSizeChanged(SurfaceTexture texture, int width, int height) {
        configureTransform(width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSurfaceTextureDestroyed(SurfaceTexture texture) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onSurfaceTextureUpdated(SurfaceTexture texture) {
    }

};

CameraDevice 는 하나의 물리적 장치의 카메라를 나타냅니다. 이 속성에서 현재 CameraDevice 의 ID를 저장합니다.

private String mCameraId;

카메라의 미리보기를 "그리는"데 사용할 뷰 ( TextureView )입니다.

private TextureView mTextureView;

카메라 미리보기를위한 CameraCaptureSession

private CameraCaptureSession mCaptureSession;

열린 CameraDevice 대한 참조

private CameraDevice mCameraDevice;

카메라 미리보기의 Size 입니다.

private Size mPreviewSize;

CameraDevice.StateCallback 때 호출되는 CameraDevice 그 상태를 변경

private final CameraDevice.StateCallback mStateCallback = new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {

    @Override
    public void onOpened(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice) {
        // This method is called when the camera is opened.  We start camera preview here.
        mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
        mCameraDevice = cameraDevice;
        createCameraPreviewSession();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDisconnected(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice) {
        mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
        cameraDevice.close();
        mCameraDevice = null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onError(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice, int error) {
        mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
        cameraDevice.close();
        mCameraDevice = null;
        finish();
    }

};

UI를 차단해서는 안되는 작업을 실행하기위한 추가 스레드

private HandlerThread mBackgroundThread;

백그라운드에서 태스크를 실행하기위한 Handler

private Handler mBackgroundHandler;

정지 이미지 캡처를 처리하는 ImageReader

private ImageReader mImageReader;

카메라 미리보기를위한 CaptureRequest.Builder

private CaptureRequest.Builder mPreviewRequestBuilder;

CaptureRequest 에 의해 생성 된 mPreviewRequestBuilder

private CaptureRequest mPreviewRequest;

카메라를 닫기 전에 앱이 종료되지 않도록하는 Semaphore 입니다.

private Semaphore mCameraOpenCloseLock = new Semaphore(1);

권한 요청의 상수 ID

private static final int REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION = 1;

Android 라이프 사이클 메소드

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera2);

    mTextureView = (TextureView) findViewById(R.id.texture);
}

@Override
public void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    startBackgroundThread();

    // When the screen is turned off and turned back on, the SurfaceTexture is already
    // available, and "onSurfaceTextureAvailable" will not be called. In that case, we can open
    // a camera and start preview from here (otherwise, we wait until the surface is ready in
    // the SurfaceTextureListener).
    if (mTextureView.isAvailable()) {
        openCamera(mTextureView.getWidth(), mTextureView.getHeight());
    } else {
        mTextureView.setSurfaceTextureListener(mSurfaceTextureListener);
    }
}

@Override
public void onPause() {
    closeCamera();
    stopBackgroundThread();
    super.onPause();
}

Camera2 관련 메소드

그것들은 Camera2 API를 사용하는 메소드입니다.

private void openCamera(int width, int height) {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        requestCameraPermission();
        return;
    }
    setUpCameraOutputs(width, height);
    configureTransform(width, height);
    CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
    try {
        if (!mCameraOpenCloseLock.tryAcquire(2500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Time out waiting to lock camera opening.");
        }
        manager.openCamera(mCameraId, mStateCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
    } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted while trying to lock camera opening.", e);
    }
}

현재 카메라를 닫습니다.

private void closeCamera() {
    try {
        mCameraOpenCloseLock.acquire();
        if (null != mCaptureSession) {
            mCaptureSession.close();
            mCaptureSession = null;
        }
        if (null != mCameraDevice) {
            mCameraDevice.close();
            mCameraDevice = null;
        }
        if (null != mImageReader) {
            mImageReader.close();
            mImageReader = null;
        }
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted while trying to lock camera closing.", e);
    } finally {
        mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
    }
}

카메라 관련 멤버 변수 설정

private void setUpCameraOutputs(int width, int height) {
    CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
    try {
        for (String cameraId : manager.getCameraIdList()) {
            CameraCharacteristics characteristics
                    = manager.getCameraCharacteristics(cameraId);

            // We don't use a front facing camera in this sample.
            Integer facing = characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING);
            if (facing != null && facing == CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
                continue;
            }

            StreamConfigurationMap map = characteristics.get(
                    CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP);
            if (map == null) {
                continue;
            }

            // For still image captures, we use the largest available size.
            Size largest = Collections.max(
                    Arrays.asList(map.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.JPEG)),
                    new CompareSizesByArea());
            mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largest.getWidth(), largest.getHeight(),
                    ImageFormat.JPEG, /*maxImages*/2);
            mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(
                    null, mBackgroundHandler);

            Point displaySize = new Point();
            getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(displaySize);
            int rotatedPreviewWidth = width;
            int rotatedPreviewHeight = height;
            int maxPreviewWidth = displaySize.x;
            int maxPreviewHeight = displaySize.y;

            if (maxPreviewWidth > MAX_PREVIEW_WIDTH) {
                maxPreviewWidth = MAX_PREVIEW_WIDTH;
            }

            if (maxPreviewHeight > MAX_PREVIEW_HEIGHT) {
                maxPreviewHeight = MAX_PREVIEW_HEIGHT;
            }

            // Danger! Attempting to use too large a preview size could  exceed the camera
            // bus' bandwidth limitation, resulting in gorgeous previews but the storage of
            // garbage capture data.
            mPreviewSize = chooseOptimalSize(map.getOutputSizes(SurfaceTexture.class),
                    rotatedPreviewWidth, rotatedPreviewHeight, maxPreviewWidth,
                    maxPreviewHeight, largest);

            mCameraId = cameraId;
            return;
        }
    } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        // Currently an NPE is thrown when the Camera2API is used but not supported on the
        // device this code runs.
        Toast.makeText(Camera2Activity.this, "Camera2 API not supported on this device", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}

카메라 미리보기를위한 새로운 CameraCaptureSession 을 만듭니다.

private void createCameraPreviewSession() {
    try {
        SurfaceTexture texture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();
        assert texture != null;

        // We configure the size of default buffer to be the size of camera preview we want.
        texture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());

        // This is the output Surface we need to start preview.
        Surface surface = new Surface(texture);

        // We set up a CaptureRequest.Builder with the output Surface.
        mPreviewRequestBuilder
                = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
        mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);

        // Here, we create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview.
        mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()),
                new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {

                    @Override
                    public void onConfigured(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
                        // The camera is already closed
                        if (null == mCameraDevice) {
                            return;
                        }

                        // When the session is ready, we start displaying the preview.
                        mCaptureSession = cameraCaptureSession;
                        try {
                            // Auto focus should be continuous for camera preview.
                            mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE,
                                    CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);

                            // Finally, we start displaying the camera preview.
                            mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
                            mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest,
                                    null, mBackgroundHandler);
                        } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onConfigureFailed(
                            @NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
                        showToast("Failed");
                    }
                }, null
        );
    } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

권한 관련 메소드 Android API 23 이상

private void requestCameraPermission() {
    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
        new AlertDialog.Builder(Camera2Activity.this)
                .setMessage("R string request permission")
                .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(Camera2Activity.this,
                                new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                                REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION);
                    }
                })
                .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel,
                        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                finish();

                            }
                        })
                .create();

    } else {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION);
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                       @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION) {
        if (grantResults.length != 1 || grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            Toast.makeText(Camera2Activity.this, "ERROR: Camera permissions not granted", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    } else {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }
}

백그라운드 스레드 / 핸들러 메소드

private void startBackgroundThread() {
    mBackgroundThread = new HandlerThread("CameraBackground");
    mBackgroundThread.start();
    mBackgroundHandler = new Handler(mBackgroundThread.getLooper());
}

private void stopBackgroundThread() {
    mBackgroundThread.quitSafely();
    try {
        mBackgroundThread.join();
        mBackgroundThread = null;
        mBackgroundHandler = null;
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

유틸리티 메소드

카메라가 지원하는 Size 의 선택 항목이 주어지면 적어도 각각의 텍스처보기 크기가 가장 큰 가장 작은 것을 선택하십시오. 크기는 각각의 최대 크기와 가장 비슷하며 가로 세로 비율이 지정된 값과 일치합니다. 존재하지 않는 경우 각각의 최대 크기만큼 크고 지정된 값과 일치하는 종횡비를 가진 가장 큰 것을 선택하십시오

private static Size chooseOptimalSize(Size[] choices, int textureViewWidth,
                                      int textureViewHeight, int maxWidth, int maxHeight, Size aspectRatio) {

    // Collect the supported resolutions that are at least as big as the preview Surface
    List<Size> bigEnough = new ArrayList<>();
    // Collect the supported resolutions that are smaller than the preview Surface
    List<Size> notBigEnough = new ArrayList<>();
    int w = aspectRatio.getWidth();
    int h = aspectRatio.getHeight();
    for (Size option : choices) {
        if (option.getWidth() <= maxWidth && option.getHeight() <= maxHeight &&
                option.getHeight() == option.getWidth() * h / w) {
            if (option.getWidth() >= textureViewWidth &&
                    option.getHeight() >= textureViewHeight) {
                bigEnough.add(option);
            } else {
                notBigEnough.add(option);
            }
        }
    }

    // Pick the smallest of those big enough. If there is no one big enough, pick the
    // largest of those not big enough.
    if (bigEnough.size() > 0) {
        return Collections.min(bigEnough, new CompareSizesByArea());
    } else if (notBigEnough.size() > 0) {
        return Collections.max(notBigEnough, new CompareSizesByArea());
    } else {
        Log.e("Camera2", "Couldn't find any suitable preview size");
        return choices[0];
    }
}

이 방법은 mTextureView에 필요한 Matrix 변환을 mTextureView

private void configureTransform(int viewWidth, int viewHeight) {
    if (null == mTextureView || null == mPreviewSize) {
        return;
    }
    int rotation = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
    RectF viewRect = new RectF(0, 0, viewWidth, viewHeight);
    RectF bufferRect = new RectF(0, 0, mPreviewSize.getHeight(), mPreviewSize.getWidth());
    float centerX = viewRect.centerX();
    float centerY = viewRect.centerY();
    if (Surface.ROTATION_90 == rotation || Surface.ROTATION_270 == rotation) {
        bufferRect.offset(centerX - bufferRect.centerX(), centerY - bufferRect.centerY());
        matrix.setRectToRect(viewRect, bufferRect, Matrix.ScaleToFit.FILL);
        float scale = Math.max(
                (float) viewHeight / mPreviewSize.getHeight(),
                (float) viewWidth / mPreviewSize.getWidth());
        matrix.postScale(scale, scale, centerX, centerY);
        matrix.postRotate(90 * (rotation - 2), centerX, centerY);
    } else if (Surface.ROTATION_180 == rotation) {
        matrix.postRotate(180, centerX, centerY);
    }
    mTextureView.setTransform(matrix);
}

이 방법은 Size 따라 두 개의 Size 비교합니다.

static class CompareSizesByArea implements Comparator<Size> {

    @Override
    public int compare(Size lhs, Size rhs) {
        // We cast here to ensure the multiplications won't overflow
        return Long.signum((long) lhs.getWidth() * lhs.getHeight() -
                (long) rhs.getWidth() * rhs.getHeight());
    }
}

별로 볼 것이별로 없다.

/**
 * Shows a {@link Toast} on the UI thread.
 *
 * @param text The message to show
 */
private void showToast(final String text) {
    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Toast.makeText(Camera2Activity.this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
}