Swift Language
Metodo Swizzling

Osservazioni

Estensione di UIViewController e Swizzling viewDidLoad

In Objective-C, il metodo swizzling è il processo di modifica dell'implementazione di un selettore esistente. Ciò è possibile a causa del modo in cui i selettori sono mappati su una tabella di distribuzione o di una tabella di puntatori a funzioni o metodi.

I metodi Pure Swift non vengono inviati dinamicamente dal runtime Objective-C, ma possiamo ancora trarre vantaggio da questi trucchi su qualsiasi classe che eredita da NSObject .

Qui, estenderemo UIViewController e UIViewController viewDidLoad per aggiungere alcune registrazioni personalizzate:

extension UIViewController {
    
    // We cannot override load like we could in Objective-C, so override initialize instead
    public override static func initialize() {
        
        // Make a static struct for our dispatch token so only one exists in memory
        struct Static {
            static var token: dispatch_once_t = 0
        }
        
        // Wrap this in a dispatch_once block so it is only run once
        dispatch_once(&Static.token) {
            // Get the original selectors and method implementations, and swap them with our new method
            let originalSelector = #selector(UIViewController.viewDidLoad)
            let swizzledSelector = #selector(UIViewController.myViewDidLoad)
            
            let originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(self, originalSelector)
            let swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(self, swizzledSelector)
            
            let didAddMethod = class_addMethod(self, originalSelector, method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod))
            
            // class_addMethod can fail if used incorrectly or with invalid pointers, so check to make sure we were able to add the method to the lookup table successfully
            if didAddMethod {
                class_replaceMethod(self, swizzledSelector, method_getImplementation(originalMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod))
            } else {
                method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod);
            }
        }
    }
    
    // Our new viewDidLoad function
    // In this example, we are just logging the name of the function, but this can be used to run any custom code
    func myViewDidLoad() {
        // This is not recursive since we swapped the Selectors in initialize().
        // We cannot call super in an extension.
        self.myViewDidLoad()
        print(#function) // logs myViewDidLoad()
    }
}

Nozioni di base di Swift Swizzling

methodOne() l'implementazione di methodOne() e methodTwo() nella nostra classe TestSwizzling :

class TestSwizzling : NSObject {
    dynamic func methodOne()->Int{
        return 1
    }
}

extension TestSwizzling {
    
    //In Objective-C you'd perform the swizzling in load(), 
    //but this method is not permitted in Swift
    override class func initialize()
    {

        struct Inner {
            static let i: () = {

                let originalSelector = #selector(TestSwizzling.methodOne)
                let swizzledSelector = #selector(TestSwizzling.methodTwo)                 
                let originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(TestSwizzling.self, originalSelector);
                let swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(TestSwizzling.self, swizzledSelector)                
                method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod)
            }
        }
        let _ = Inner.i
    }
    
    func methodTwo()->Int{
        // It will not be a recursive call anymore after the swizzling
        return methodTwo()+1
    }
}

var c = TestSwizzling()
print(c.methodOne())
print(c.methodTwo())

Nozioni di base di Swizzling - Objective-C

Esempio Objective-C di swizzling initWithFrame: metodo

static IMP original_initWithFrame;

+ (void)swizzleMethods {
    static BOOL swizzled = NO;
    if (!swizzled) {
        swizzled = YES;

        Method initWithFrameMethod =
            class_getInstanceMethod([UIView class], @selector(initWithFrame:));
        original_initWithFrame = method_setImplementation(
            initWithFrameMethod, (IMP)replacement_initWithFrame);
    }
}

static id replacement_initWithFrame(id self, SEL _cmd, CGRect rect) {
    
    // This will be called instead of the original initWithFrame method on UIView
    // Do here whatever you need... 

    // Bonus: This is how you would call the original initWithFrame method
    UIView *view =
        ((id (*)(id, SEL, CGRect))original_initWithFrame)(self, _cmd, rect);

    return view;
}