Android
Conexiones Wi-Fi

Conectar con cifrado WEP

Este ejemplo se conecta a un punto de acceso Wi-Fi con cifrado WEP, dado un SSID y la contraseña.

public boolean ConnectToNetworkWEP(String networkSSID, String password)
{
    try {
        WifiConfiguration conf = new WifiConfiguration();
        conf.SSID = "\"" + networkSSID + "\"";   // Please note the quotes. String should contain SSID in quotes
        conf.wepKeys[0] = "\"" + password + "\""; //Try it with quotes first

        conf.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
        conf.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.OPEN);
        conf.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.SHARED);

        WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        int networkId = wifiManager.addNetwork(conf);

        if (networkId == -1){
            //Try it again with no quotes in case of hex password
            conf.wepKeys[0] = password;
            networkId = wifiManager.addNetwork(conf);
        }

        List<WifiConfiguration> list = wifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        for( WifiConfiguration i : list ) {
            if(i.SSID != null && i.SSID.equals("\"" + networkSSID + "\"")) {
                wifiManager.disconnect();
                wifiManager.enableNetwork(i.networkId, true);
                wifiManager.reconnect();
                break;
            }
        }

        //WiFi Connection success, return true
        return true;
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ex.getStackTrace()));
        return false;
    }
}

Conectar con cifrado WPA2

Este ejemplo se conecta a un punto de acceso Wi-Fi con cifrado WPA2.

public boolean ConnectToNetworkWPA(String networkSSID, String password) {
  try {
    WifiConfiguration conf = new WifiConfiguration();
    conf.SSID = "\"" + networkSSID + "\"";   // Please note the quotes. String should contain SSID in quotes

    conf.preSharedKey = "\"" + password + "\"";

    conf.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
    conf.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
    conf.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
    conf.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.WPA_PSK);
    conf.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.TKIP);
    conf.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.CCMP);

    Log.d("connecting", conf.SSID + " " + conf.preSharedKey);

    WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
    wifiManager.addNetwork(conf);

    Log.d("after connecting", conf.SSID + " " + conf.preSharedKey);

    List<WifiConfiguration> list = wifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
    for( WifiConfiguration i : list ) {
      if(i.SSID != null && i.SSID.equals("\"" + networkSSID + "\"")) {
        wifiManager.disconnect();
        wifiManager.enableNetwork(i.networkId, true);
        wifiManager.reconnect();
        Log.d("re connecting", i.SSID + " " + conf.preSharedKey);

        break;
      }
    }

    //WiFi Connection success, return true
    return true;
  } catch (Exception ex) {
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ex.getStackTrace()));
    return false;
  }
}

Escanear en busca de puntos de acceso

Este ejemplo busca puntos de acceso disponibles y redes ad hoc. btnScan activa una exploración iniciada por el método WifiManager.startScan() . Después de la exploración, WifiManager llama a la intención SCAN_RESULTS_AVAILABLE_ACTION y la clase WifiScanReceiver procesa el resultado de la exploración. Los resultados se muestran en un TextView .

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private final static String TAG = "MainActivity";

    TextView txtWifiInfo;
    WifiManager wifi;
    WifiScanReceiver wifiReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        wifi=(WifiManager)getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        wifiReceiver = new WifiScanReceiver();

        txtWifiInfo = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txtWifiInfo);
        Button btnScan = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnScan);
        btnScan.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Log.i(TAG, "Start scan...");
                wifi.startScan();
            }
        });
    }

    protected void onPause() {
        unregisterReceiver(wifiReceiver);
        super.onPause();
    }

    protected void onResume() {
        registerReceiver(
            wifiReceiver, 
            new IntentFilter(WifiManager.SCAN_RESULTS_AVAILABLE_ACTION)
        );
        super.onResume();
    }

    private class WifiScanReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        public void onReceive(Context c, Intent intent) {
            List<ScanResult> wifiScanList = wifi.getScanResults();
            txtWifiInfo.setText("");
            for(int i = 0; i < wifiScanList.size(); i++){
                String info = ((wifiScanList.get(i)).toString());
                txtWifiInfo.append(info+"\n\n");
            }
        }
    }
}

Permisos

Los siguientes permisos deben definirse en AndroidManifest.xml :

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />

android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE es necesario para llamar a WifiManager.getScanResults() . Sin android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE no puede iniciar una exploración con WifiManager.startScan() .

Al compilar el proyecto para el nivel de API 23 o superior (Android 6.0 y versiones posteriores), se debe insertar android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION o android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION . Además, ese permiso debe solicitarse, por ejemplo, en el método onCreate de su actividad principal:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    ...
    String[] PERMS_INITIAL={
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
    };
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMS_INITIAL, 127);
}