AutoHotkey
Utiliser des fonctions au lieu d'étiquettes

Remarques

Exemple très basique démontrant l'utilisation de la fonction sur SetTimer.

;Sends the keystroke for the letter "a" every 3 seconds.
#Persistent
SetTimer, SendLetterA, 3000
return

SendLetterA() {
    Send, a
}

Utilisation avancée de SetTimer: appel de la même fonction avec des paramètres différents

Ceci est un exemple de quelque chose qui aurait été impossible avec les étiquettes. Si vous exécutez le même libellé plusieurs fois en même temps et que celles-ci reposent sur des variables définies, elles risquent d’interférer et de provoquer un comportement inattendu.

Voici comment procéder avec les fonctions:

; This script will switch between showing "Hello 1" and "Hello 2"

#Persistent
DisplayMessage_Hello1 := Func("DisplayMessage").bind("Hello 1")
SetTimer, %DisplayMessage_Hello1%, 2000

Sleep, 1000

DisplayMessage_Hello2 := Func("DisplayMessage").bind("Hello 2")
SetTimer, %DisplayMessage_Hello2%, 2000

DisplayMessage(messageToDisplay) {
    TrayTip ; remove other traytips
    TrayTip, Message to display:, %messageToDisplay%
}

Voici comment ne pas le faire (avec des étiquettes):

;This script will never display the message "Hello 1". It will always show "Hello 2".

#Persistent
messageToDisplay := "Hello 1"
SetTimer, DisplayMessage, 2000

Sleep, 1000

messageToDisplay := "Hello 2"
SetTimer, DisplayMessage, 2000

DisplayMessage:
    TrayTip ; remove other traytips
    TrayTip, Message to display:, %messageToDisplay%
Return

Gui avec fonctions au lieu d'étiquettes

Exemple montrant comment créer Guis en utilisant des fonctions au lieu d'étiquettes.

Gui, Add, Button, gCtrlEvent vButton1, Button 1
Gui, Add, Button, gCtrlEvent vButton2, Button 2
Gui, Add, Button, gGoButton, Go Button
Gui, Add, Edit, vEditField, Example text
Gui, Show,, Functions instead of labels

CtrlEvent(CtrlHwnd:=0, GuiEvent:="", EventInfo:="", ErrLvl:="") {
    GuiControlGet, controlName, Name, %CtrlHwnd%
    MsgBox, %controlName% has been clicked!
}
GoButton(CtrlHwnd:=0, GuiEvent:="", EventInfo:="", ErrLvl:="") {
    GuiControlGet, EditField
    MsgBox, Go has been clicked! The content of the edit field is "%EditField%"!
}

GuiClose(hWnd) {
    WinGetTitle, windowTitle, ahk_id %hWnd%
    MsgBox, The Gui with title "%windowTitle%" has been closed!
    ExitApp
}

Hotkeys avec des fonctions au lieu d'étiquettes

Exemples d'utilisation de fonctions avec des raccourcis clavier:

Hotkey, a, MyFunction ; Calls MyFunction() when a is pressed

MyFunction() {
    MsgBox You pressed %A_ThisHotkey%.
}

Ou:

a::MyFunction()

MyFunction() {
    MsgBox You pressed %A_ThisHotkey%.
}

Actions du menu Plateau avec fonctions

#Persistent

Menu, Tray, NoStandard ; remove default tray menu entries
Menu, Tray, Add, MyDefaultAction, OnDefaultTrayAction ; add a new tray menu entry
Menu, Tray, Add, Exit, Exit ; add another tray menu entry
Menu, Tray, Default, MyDefaultAction ;When doubleclicking the tray icon, run the tray menu entry called "MyDefaultAction".


OnDefaultTrayAction() {
    MsgBox, You double clicked the tray icon of this script or you clicked the MyDefaultAction entry!
}

Exit() {
    MsgBox, You clicked the Exit entry! The script will close itself now.
    ExitApp
}

Exemple général de fonctions vs étiquettes

Je vais démontrer l'utilisation de base de l'utilisation des fonctions par rapport aux étiquettes + gosub.
Dans cet exemple, nous allons implémenter des fonctionnalités simples pour ajouter deux nombres et les stocker dans une variable.

Avec des fonctions:

c := Add(3, 2) ; function call
MsgBox, Result: %c%

Add(a, b) { ; This is a function. Put it wherever you want, it doesn't matter.
    ; the a and b inside of this function are set by the function call above
    Return a+b ; the function will return the result of the expression "a+b"
}

Avec des étiquettes (s'il vous plaît ne faites pas cela):

a := 3 
b := 2 
GoSub, Add ; execute the label "Add" then jump back to the next line here
MsgBox, Result: %c%
Return ; without this, the label would be executed again for no reason.

Add: ; This is a label. Please put them at the bottom of your script and use "Return" in a line above.
    c := a+b
Return

OnClipboardChange avec fucntion / label

Le code suivant est extrait de la documentation officielle d'AutoHotkey:

Implémentation de la fonction:

#Persistent
OnClipboardChange("ClipChanged")
return

ClipChanged(Type) {
    ToolTip Clipboard data type: %Type%
    Sleep 1000
    ToolTip  ; Turn off the tip.
}

Mise en place du label:

#Persistent
return

OnClipboardChange:
ToolTip Clipboard data type: %A_EventInfo%
Sleep 1000
ToolTip  ; Turn off the tip.
return

Exemple de Gui plus compliqué avec plusieurs vues de liste utilisant la même fonction de rappel d'événement

Ce script montre comment recevoir des événements d'interface graphique compliqués à partir de différents contrôles dans la même fonction de rappel d'événement. Nous utiliserons deux contrôles ListView pour cela.
Désormais, chaque fois qu'une action est détectée sur l'un de ces contrôles ListView, nous voulons une description précise de ce qui s'est passé et que celle-ci soit connectée à un contrôle d'édition dans la même interface graphique.

Gui, Add, ListView, gListCtrlEvent vMyFirstListView AltSubmit -ReadOnly R10 w310, ColumnTitle1|ColumnTitle2|ColumnTitle3
Gui, Add, ListView, gListCtrlEvent vMySecondListView AltSubmit -ReadOnly R10 w310, ColumnTitle1|ColumnTitle2|ColumnTitle3
Gui, Add, Text, w310, Action Log
Gui, Add, Edit, vLog R7 w310, 
Gui, Show,, Functions instead of labels

; Create example entries for the first ListView
Gui, ListView, MyFirstListView
Loop, 10 {
    LV_Add("", "Column-1 | Row-" A_Index ,  "Column-2 | Row-" A_Index,  "Column-3 | Row-" A_Index)
}
LV_ModifyCol()

; Create example entries for the second ListView
Gui, ListView, MySecondListView
Loop, 10 {
    LV_Add("", "Column-1 | Row-" A_Index ,  "Column-2 | Row-" A_Index,  "Column-3 | Row-" A_Index)
}
LV_ModifyCol()


ListCtrlEvent(ctrlHwnd:=0, guiEvent:="", eventInfo:="", errLvl:="") {
    GuiControlGet, ctrlName, Name, %CtrlHwnd%
    whatHappened := "Action detected!`n"
    whatHappened .= "Control handle: " ctrlHwnd "`n"
    whatHappened .= "Control name: " ctrlName "`n"
    
    If (guiEvent = "DoubleClick") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has double-clicked within the control."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "R") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has double-right-clicked within the control."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "ColClick") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has clicked a column header."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Column number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "D") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has attempted to start dragging a row or icon."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "d") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has attempted to start right-click-dragging a row or icon."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "e") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has finished editing the first field of a row."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "Normal") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has left-clicked a row."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "RightClick") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has right-clicked a row."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Focused row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "A") {
        whatHappened .= "`nA row has been activated."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "C") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe ListView has released mouse capture."
    } Else If (guiEvent = "E") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has begun editing the first field of a row."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "F") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe ListView has received keyboard focus."
    } Else If (guiEvent = "f") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe ListView has lost keyboard focus."
    } Else If (guiEvent = "I") {
        whatHappened .= "`nItem changed. (A row has changed by becoming selected/deselected, checked/unchecked, etc.)"
        whatHappened .= "`n> Row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "K") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has pressed a key while the ListView has focus."
        whatHappened .= "`n> Key pressed: " GetKeyName(Format("vk{:x}", eventInfo))
    } Else If (guiEvent = "M") {
        whatHappened .= "`nItem changed. (A row has changed by becoming selected/deselected, checked/unchecked, etc.)"
        whatHappened .= "`n> Row number: " eventInfo
    } Else If (guiEvent = "S") {
        whatHappened .= "`nMarquee. The user has started to drag a selection-rectangle around a group of rows or icons."
    } Else If (guiEvent = "s") {
        whatHappened .= "`nThe user has finished scrolling the ListView."
    }
    GuiControlGet, Log
    GuiControl,, Log, % whatHappened "`n---------------------`n" Log
}

GuiClose(hWnd) {
    WinGetTitle, windowTitle, ahk_id %hWnd%
    MsgBox, The Gui with title "%windowTitle%" is going to be closed! This script will exit afterwards!
    ExitApp
}