PowerShell
PowerShell 클래스

소개

메서드 및 속성

class Person {
    [string] $FirstName
    [string] $LastName
    [string] Greeting() {
        return "Greetings, {0} {1}!" -f $this.FirstName, $this.LastName
    }
}

$x = [Person]::new()
$x.FirstName = "Jane"
$x.LastName = "Doe"
$greeting = $x.Greeting() # "Greetings, Jane Doe!"

클래스에 사용 가능한 생성자 나열

PS> [DateTime]::new

OverloadDefinitions
-------------------
datetime new(long ticks)
datetime new(long ticks, System.DateTimeKind kind)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, System.Globalization.Calendar calendar)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, System.DateTimeKind kind)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, System.Globalization.Calendar calendar)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int millisecond)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int millisecond, System.DateTimeKind kind)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int millisecond,
System.Globalization.Calendar calendar)
datetime new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int millisecond,
System.Globalization.Calendar calendar, System.DateTimeKind kind)

이는 모든 메소드에 대한 오버로드 정의를 나열하는 데 사용할 수있는 동일한 기술입니다.

> 'abc'.CompareTo

OverloadDefinitions
-------------------
int CompareTo(System.Object value)
int CompareTo(string strB)
int IComparable.CompareTo(System.Object obj)
int IComparable[string].CompareTo(string other)

이전 버전에서는 사용 가능한 생성자를 나열하는 고유 한 함수를 만들 수 있습니다.

function Get-Constructor {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [type]$type
    )

    Process {
        $type.GetConstructors() | 
        Format-Table -Wrap @{
            n="$($type.Name) Constructors"
            e={ ($_.GetParameters() | % { $_.ToString() }) -Join ", " }
        }
    }
}

용법:

Get-Constructor System.DateTime    
#Or [datetime] | Get-Constructor

DateTime Constructors
---------------------
Int64 ticks
Int64 ticks, System.DateTimeKind kind
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, System.Globalization.Calendar calendar
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, System.DateTimeKind kind
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, System.Globalization.Calendar calendar
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, Int32 millisecond
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, Int32 millisecond, System.DateTimeKind kind
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, Int32 millisecond, System.Globalization.Cal
endar calendar
Int32 year, Int32 month, Int32 day, Int32 hour, Int32 minute, Int32 second, Int32 millisecond, System.Globalization.Cal
endar calendar, System.DateTimeKind kind

생성자 오버로딩

class Person {
    [string] $Name
    [int] $Age

    Person([string] $Name) {
        $this.Name = $Name
    }

    Person([string] $Name, [int]$Age) {
        $this.Name = $Name
        $this.Age = $Age
    }
}

인스턴스의 모든 멤버 가져 오기

PS > Get-Member -InputObject $anObjectInstance

이것은 유형 인스턴스의 모든 구성원을 리턴합니다. 다음은 String 인스턴스에 대한 샘플 출력의 일부입니다.

   TypeName: System.String

Name             MemberType            Definition
----             ----------            ----------
Clone            Method                System.Object Clone(), System.Object ICloneable.Clone()
CompareTo        Method                int CompareTo(System.Object value), int CompareTo(string strB), i...
Contains         Method                bool Contains(string value)
CopyTo           Method                void CopyTo(int sourceIndex, char[] destination, int destinationI...
EndsWith         Method                bool EndsWith(string value), bool EndsWith(string value, System.S...
Equals           Method                bool Equals(System.Object obj), bool Equals(string value), bool E...
GetEnumerator    Method                System.CharEnumerator GetEnumerator(), System.Collections.Generic...
GetHashCode      Method                int GetHashCode()
GetType          Method                type GetType()
...

기본 클래스 템플릿

# Define a class
class TypeName
{
   # Property with validate set
   [ValidateSet("val1", "Val2")]
   [string] $P1

   # Static property
   static [hashtable] $P2

   # Hidden property does not show as result of Get-Member
   hidden [int] $P3

   # Constructor
   TypeName ([string] $s)
   {
       $this.P1 = $s       
   }

   # Static method
   static [void] MemberMethod1([hashtable] $h)
   {
       [TypeName]::P2 = $h
   }

   # Instance method
   [int] MemberMethod2([int] $i)
   {
       $this.P3 = $i
       return $this.P3
   }
}

부모 클래스에서 자식 클래스로의 상속

class ParentClass
{
    [string] $Message = "Its under the Parent Class"

    [string] GetMessage()
    {
        return ("Message: {0}" -f $this.Message)
    }
}

# Bar extends Foo and inherits its members
class ChildClass : ParentClass
{

}
$Inherit = [ChildClass]::new()

그래서, Inherit.Message 는 당신에게

"그것의 부모 교실"