Django
フォームウィジェット

シンプルなテキスト入力ウィジェット

最も簡単なウィジェットの例はカスタムテキスト入力です。たとえば、 <input type="tel">を作成するには、 TextInputをサブクラス化し、 input_typeを'tel'設定する必要があります。

from django.forms.widgets import TextInput

class PhoneInput(TextInput):
    input_type = 'tel'

複合ウィジェット

MultiWidgetを使用すると、複数のウィジェットで構成されるウィジェットを作成できます。

from datetime import date

from django.forms.widgets import MultiWidget, Select
from django.utils.dates import MONTHS

class SelectMonthDateWidget(MultiWidget):
    """This widget allows the user to fill in a month and a year.

    This represents the first day of this month or, if `last_day=True`, the
    last day of this month.
    """

    default_nb_years = 10

    def __init__(self, attrs=None, years=None, months=None, last_day=False):
        self.last_day = last_day

        if not years:
            this_year = date.today().year
            years = range(this_year, this_year + self.default_nb_years)
        if not months:
            months = MONTHS

        # Here we will use two `Select` widgets, one for months and one for years
        widgets = (Select(attrs=attrs, choices=months.items()),
                   Select(attrs=attrs, choices=((y, y) for y in years)))
        super().__init__(widgets, attrs)

    def format_output(self, rendered_widgets):
        """Concatenates rendered sub-widgets as HTML"""
        return (
            '<div class="row">'
            '<div class="col-xs-6">{}</div>'
            '<div class="col-xs-6">{}</div>'
            '</div>'
        ).format(*rendered_widgets)

    def decompress(self, value):
        """Split the widget value into subwidgets values.
        We expect value to be a valid date formated as `%Y-%m-%d`.
        We extract month and year parts from this string.
        """
        if value:
            value = date(*map(int, value.split('-')))
            return [value.month, value.year]
        return [None, None]

    def value_from_datadict(self, data, files, name):
        """Get the value according to provided `data` (often from `request.POST`)
        and `files` (often from `request.FILES`, not used here)
        `name` is the name of the form field.

        As this is a composite widget, we will grab multiple keys from `data`.
        Namely: `field_name_0` (the month) and `field_name_1` (the year).
        """
        datalist = [
            widget.value_from_datadict(data, files, '{}_{}'.format(name, i))
            for i, widget in enumerate(self.widgets)]
        try:
            # Try to convert it as the first day of a month.
            d = date(day=1, month=int(datelist[0]), year=int(datelist[1]))
            if self.last_day:
                # Transform it to the last day of the month if needed
                if d.month == 12:
                    d = d.replace(day=31)
                else:
                    d = d.replace(month=d.month+1) - timedelta(days=1)
        except (ValueError, TypeError):
            # If we failed to recognize a valid date
            return ''
        else:
            # Convert it back to a string with format `%Y-%m-%d`
            return str(d)